Objectives: Over the last two decades, the modern treatment paradigm for ovarian, fallopian, and primary peritoneal cancer has evolved to include increasing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS). However, the impact of extended cycles of NACT on outcomes remains an open question. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the number of cycles of platinum-based NACT on cytoreductive surgery outcomes within a single institution.

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Methods: Four hundred and forty-one patients with stage III and IV ovarian cancer treated at a single institution were retrospectively identified. Of these patients, 64 received NACT followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS). Patients were divided into three groups based on the number of cycles of NACT received before interval debulking surgery: ≤ 3 cycles, 4-5 cycles, or ≥ 6 cycles. Clinical-pathologic data were assessed, and the impact of the number of cycles of NACT on the likelihood of optimal IDS was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests.

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